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To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, how many (a) arrests, (b) charges, (c) cautions and (d) convictions relating to the unlawful possession, supply or production of nitrous oxide have been recorded since the substance became a Class C drug, broken down by police force area.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, how many (a) arrests, (b) charges, (c) cautions and (d) convictions relating to the unlawful possession, supply or production of nitrous oxide have been recorded since the substance became a Class C drug, broken down by police force area.
Data on the prevalence of misuse of nitrous oxide is published by the Office for National Statistics, through the Crime Survey for England and Wales. In the year ending March 2025, 0.5% of 16- to 59-year-olds in England and Wales reported using nitrous oxide in the last year. This is the lowest proportion of nitrous oxide users reported in the Crime Survey for England and Wales and the reported proportion of users has reduced each year since the substance became a Class C drug. Data is available here: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/articles/drugmisuseinenglandandwales/yearendingmarch2025 There is no data available on the sale of nitrous oxide. The availably of the requested enforcement data relating to the unlawful possession, supply or production of nitrous oxide is detailed below: (a) The Home Office collects and publishes data on arrests in England and Wales as part of the ‘Police Powers and Procedures’ statistical series, available here: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/stop-and-search-arrests-and-mental-health-detentions-march-2025. However, the data on arrests is collected by Home Office Crime Recording offence group only, for example ‘Drug Offences’. Data on arrests specifically for unlawful possession, supply or production of nitrous oxide is not available. (b and c) The Home Office will publish granular data on police recorded drug offences and their investigative outcomes including charges and cautions for unlawful possession, supply or production of nitrous oxide offences on the 23rd of July 2026. This will be available by police force area. (d) The Ministry of Justice publishes convictions data, available here: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/criminal-justice-statistics-quarterly-december-2025. The ‘All-Offences prosecutions and convictions: December 2025’ tables include all convictions by police force area for unlawful possession, supply or production of nitrous oxide. Since nitrous oxide became a Class C drug, there have been 820 convictions, with 763 of these being for possession. |
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what assessment she has made of trends in the prevalence of the sale and misuse of nitrous oxide canisters since the introduction of the ban under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971; and if she will publish data on enforcement...
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what assessment she has made of trends in the prevalence of the sale and misuse of nitrous oxide canisters since the introduction of the ban under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971; and if she will publish data on enforcement...
Data on the prevalence of misuse of nitrous oxide is published by the Office for National Statistics, through the Crime Survey for England and Wales. In the year ending March 2025, 0.5% of 16- to 59-year-olds in England and Wales reported using nitrous oxide in the last year. This is the lowest proportion of nitrous oxide users reported in the Crime Survey for England and Wales and the reported proportion of users has reduced each year since the substance became a Class C drug. Data is available here: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/articles/drugmisuseinenglandandwales/yearendingmarch2025 There is no data available on the sale of nitrous oxide. The availably of the requested enforcement data relating to the unlawful possession, supply or production of nitrous oxide is detailed below: (a) The Home Office collects and publishes data on arrests in England and Wales as part of the ‘Police Powers and Procedures’ statistical series, available here: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/stop-and-search-arrests-and-mental-health-detentions-march-2025. However, the data on arrests is collected by Home Office Crime Recording offence group only, for example ‘Drug Offences’. Data on arrests specifically for unlawful possession, supply or production of nitrous oxide is not available. (b and c) The Home Office will publish granular data on police recorded drug offences and their investigative outcomes including charges and cautions for unlawful possession, supply or production of nitrous oxide offences on the 23rd of July 2026. This will be available by police force area. (d) The Ministry of Justice publishes convictions data, available here: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/criminal-justice-statistics-quarterly-december-2025. The ‘All-Offences prosecutions and convictions: December 2025’ tables include all convictions by police force area for unlawful possession, supply or production of nitrous oxide. Since nitrous oxide became a Class C drug, there have been 820 convictions, with 763 of these being for possession. |
To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, whether his department has plans to publish guidance on the issuing of naloxone to those leaving prison with a history of opioid use.
To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, whether his department has plans to publish guidance on the issuing of naloxone to those leaving prison with a history of opioid use.
The Department has published clinical guidance on drug misuse and dependence which includes a section on the criminal justice system and stresses that take-home naloxone for previously heroin-dependent prisoners is important as they leave prison and enter a very high-risk period. The guidance advises that commissioners should agree with prison health and community providers on how best to facilitate support for naloxone provision on release.
On release from prison, NHS Substance Misuse teams in custody settings provide patients at risk of an opioid overdose who have given their consent with take home naloxone kits and training on how to use them.
The Government has amended the Human Medicines Regulations 2012 to expand access to naloxone by enabling more services and professionals to supply naloxone without needing a prescription. The Department published guidance on the GOV.UK website in 2025 setting out essential practical information such as who can supply naloxone, the products available, how to use naloxone, and other basic lifesaving tools, and the training required.
In addition to the changes made in 2024, we published a United Kingdom wide public consultation which closed on 9 March, to seek views on further legislative options to expand access to take-home and emergency use naloxone. We are analysing the responses to this consultation, and we will be setting out the next steps soon.
To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, what estimate she has made of the cost to the NHS of treating conditions (a) caused and (b) exacerbated by (i) tobacco, (ii) alcohol and (iii) drug use.
To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, what estimate she has made of the cost to the NHS of treating conditions (a) caused and (b) exacerbated by (i) tobacco, (ii) alcohol and (iii) drug use.
The available estimates of the cost to the National Health Service of treating conditions caused and exacerbated by tobacco and alcohol are shown in the following table:
Substance | Estimated NHS cost | Source of Estimate |
Tobacco | £1.8 billion annually | Action on Smoking and Health, 2025 |
Alcohol | £4.9 billion annually | Institute of Alcohol Studies, 2021/22 |
Smoking is estimated to cost society £21.9 billion per year in England.
Estimates for drug use are more limited but based on data from the Office for National Statistics and the independent review of drugs by Professor Dame Carol Black, the harms associated with wholly drug-related hospital admissions are estimated at £37 million. This cost includes admissions for mental and behavioural disorders, overdoses and poisonings, and drug-related neonatal disorders.
Comparisons of costs should not be made between estimates above because of the different methodologies used in their construction.
To ask the Secretary of State for Transport, pursuant to the Answer of 3 July 2026 to Question 13039 on Aviation: Antisocial Behaviour, whether her Department holds data on the proportion of incidents involving disruptive or unruly airline passengers in which alcohol was identified as a contributing factor.
To ask the Secretary of State for Transport, pursuant to the Answer of 3 July 2026 to Question 13039 on Aviation: Antisocial Behaviour, whether her Department holds data on the proportion of incidents involving disruptive or unruly airline passengers in which alcohol was identified as a contributing factor.
The Department for Transport does not collect or hold data on the proportion of incidents involving disruptive or unruly airline passengers in which alcohol was identified as a contributing factor. Airlines and airports may collect this data as part of their reporting practices.
To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, what his Department currently estimates the cost of alcohol harm to be in a) England, b) Wales, c) Scotland and d) Northern Ireland.
To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, what his Department currently estimates the cost of alcohol harm to be in a) England, b) Wales, c) Scotland and d) Northern Ireland.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what assessment she has made of the effectiveness of the prohibition on nitrous oxide in reducing anti-social behaviour associated with its misuse.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what assessment she has made of the effectiveness of the prohibition on nitrous oxide in reducing anti-social behaviour associated with its misuse.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what guidance her Department has issued to police forces on the enforcement of offences relating to nitrous oxide; and whether she plans to update that guidance.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what guidance her Department has issued to police forces on the enforcement of offences relating to nitrous oxide; and whether she plans to update that guidance.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what assessment she has made of the extent to which retailers continue to sell nitrous oxide canisters for unlawful recreational use; and what steps her Department is taking to prevent such sales.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what assessment she has made of the extent to which retailers continue to sell nitrous oxide canisters for unlawful recreational use; and what steps her Department is taking to prevent such sales.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what discussions he has had with online marketplaces and retailers on preventing the sale of nitrous oxide canisters where there are reasonable grounds to suspect they are intended for unlawful recreational use.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what discussions he has had with online marketplaces and retailers on preventing the sale of nitrous oxide canisters where there are reasonable grounds to suspect they are intended for unlawful recreational use.