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My Lords, I do not want the Minister to comment on events in the North Atlantic, but does she agree that the UK has a proud tradition of enforcing international maritime law, especially against unregistered vessels and those being used, for example, in the grey fleet, and that we should support allies who are doing the same?
My Lords, I do not want the Minister to comment on events in the North Atlantic, but does she agree that the UK has a proud tradition of enforcing international maritime law, especially against unregistered vessels and those being used, for example, in the grey fleet, and that we should support allies who are doing the same?
Yes, I do agree with my noble friend on that.
My Lords, my noble friend the Minister was on the Intelligence and Security Committee when it looked at detainee mistreatment and rendition in 2018. That report led to the Government of the day reviewing the consolidated guidance, which led to the Fulforth principles, which are very clear that we do not share intelligence if it leads to extrajudicial killing. Can he confirm that those principles are still active today and are understood not only by our security services but our allies? I assure the House, having been in Washington this week, that the intelligence sharing and co-operation are as strong as ever.
My Lords, my noble friend the Minister was on the Intelligence and Security Committee when it looked at detainee mistreatment and rendition in 2018. That report led to the Government of the day reviewing the consolidated guidance, which led to the Fulforth principles, which are very clear that we do not share intelligence if it leads to extrajudicial killing. Can he confirm that those principles are still active today and are understood not only by our security services but our allies? I assure the House, having been in Washington this week, that the intelligence sharing and co-operation are as strong as ever.
I am grateful to my noble friend for reminding me of my time on the Intelligence and Security Committee, and I am grateful to him for his work chairing it now. He has articulated the principles of information sharing. He will understand that I cannot comment on the details of intelligence sharing, but the UK will commit to and retain its legal responsibilities in that field.
My Lords, will my noble friend join me in condemning the Russian attack this week on the Polish railway system? Is this not an example of how Putin may talk of peace but is doing the opposite in attacking one of our key allies, Poland?
My Lords, will my noble friend join me in condemning the Russian attack this week on the Polish railway system? Is this not an example of how Putin may talk of peace but is doing the opposite in attacking one of our key allies, Poland?
I condemn the attack on the Polish railway. The attacks on Ukraine grow ever more deadly, and the attacks on Ukrainian energy supplies are particularly egregious as we approach the middle of winter. Putin’s actions belie the idea that he is genuinely seeking peace at the moment.
My Lords, as chair of the ISC, I do not want to comment on this individual case, but my noble friend also knows that our intelligence sharing is governed by the Fulford principles, which came from a review of the consolidated guidance in 2019, which came out of the report of the ISC in 2018 into rendition and detention.
A principle, implemented by the Conservative Government at the time, is that we do not share intelligence if there is a likelihood that an individual is going to be extrajudicially killed or tortured. That is accepted by our international partners and well known and implemented by the security services. Does that not show that we have the highest regard for international law and that this was something the last Government were right to actually implement?
My Lords, as chair of the ISC, I do not want to comment on this individual case, but my noble friend also knows that our intelligence sharing is governed by the Fulford principles, which came from a review of the consolidated guidance in 2019, which came out of the report of the ISC in 2018 into rendition and detention.
A principle, implemented by the Conservative Government at the time, is that we do not share intelligence if there is a likelihood that an individual is going to be extrajudicially killed or tortured. That is accepted by our international partners and well known and implemented by the security services. Does that not show that we have the highest regard for international law and that this was something the last Government were right to actually implement?
My noble friend makes a really good point, and he is right to point out that the last Government implemented the particular review and the principles that he is referring to. All I am saying is that the lawfulness of the strikes that the US has conducted is a matter for them. As far as the UK Government are concerned, what we are doing is consistent with international law and consistent with the principles of the UN charter, and that is something I am proud of with respect to our own Government.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, what assessment he has made of the potential impact of recent incidents involving US Air Force F-35B aircraft on the Royal Air Force's fleet of F-35B aircraft.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, what assessment he has made of the potential impact of recent incidents involving US Air Force F-35B aircraft on the Royal Air Force's fleet of F-35B aircraft.
The Operating Duty Holder for the F-35B Lightning Fleet, Air Officer Commanding 1 Group, continually reviews extant safety evidence, including any evidence which emerges from other nations' safety investigations. He is content that UK Lightning Force continues to fly without restriction.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, what recent assessment he has made of the impact of the grounding of the United States Air Force (a) KC-135 (b) WC-135 (c) RC-135 on the UK's Rivet Joint fleet.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, what recent assessment he has made of the impact of the grounding of the United States Air Force (a) KC-135 (b) WC-135 (c) RC-135 on the UK's Rivet Joint fleet.
The US issued a Technical Order to inspect the Fin-terminal fitting pins on all C-135 aircraft variants for non-conforming parts. The inspections had no impact on operational capability or availability of the UK Rivet Joint Fleet as all inspections were conducted within normal maintenance events between sorties. All UK Rivet Joint aircraft were inspected with no issues identified, and all UK aircraft were cleared for flight.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, what recent assessment has he made of the impact of the grounding of the United States Air Force (a) AC-135, (b) WC-135 and (c) KC-135 on the UK's Rivet Joint fleet.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, what recent assessment has he made of the impact of the grounding of the United States Air Force (a) AC-135, (b) WC-135 and (c) KC-135 on the UK's Rivet Joint fleet.
The US issued a Technical Order to inspect the Fin-terminal fitting pins on all C-135 aircraft variants for non-conforming parts. The inspections had no impact on operational capability or availability of the UK Rivet Joint Fleet as all inspections were conducted within normal maintenance events between sorties. All UK Rivet Joint aircraft were inspected with no issues identified, and all UK aircraft were cleared for flight.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, pursuant to the answer of 19 October to Question 66920 on China: Armed Forces, whether the issue was raised by US officials.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, pursuant to the answer of 19 October to Question 66920 on China: Armed Forces, whether the issue was raised by US officials.
No.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the matter of UK pilots providing training for the Chinese Air Force was raised during his visit to the United States.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the matter of UK pilots providing training for the Chinese Air Force was raised during his visit to the United States.
I did not raise this specific issue. During the visit, I discussed a wide range of shared threats and global challenges with US counterparts. However, the issue of serving and former UK Service Personnel providing training to People's Liberation Army pilots remains of utmost importance and the Ministry of Defence is taking decisive steps to deter such activity.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, for what reason his Department purchases equipment from companies based in the United States in US dollars, rather than pounds sterling.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, for what reason his Department purchases equipment from companies based in the United States in US dollars, rather than pounds sterling.
It is Ministry of Defence policy to place Sterling denominated, firm price contracts wherever possible, placing the management of the exchange rate risk with the most suitable party. However, certain purchases are undertaken in US Dollars where this is mandated by the US such as Foreign Military Sales, and in US Dollars or other currencies for other Government-to-Government arrangements, or for direct commercial sales where this is assessed to deliver the most viable procurement approach or optimum value-for-money.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether two additional US squadrons of F-35A will be permanently deployed from Lakenheath.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether two additional US squadrons of F-35A will be permanently deployed from Lakenheath.
As announced in 2015, RAF Lakenheath has two F-35A Fighter Squadrons; the first arrived in December 2021 and the second is due to stand-up later this year. No further changes are planned at this time.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the weapon systems of the UK's P-8 aircraft require the provision of a US cryptographic key.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the weapon systems of the UK's P-8 aircraft require the provision of a US cryptographic key.
I am withholding details of cryptographic requirements of aircraft fleets as its disclosure would be likely to prejudice the capability, effectiveness or security of the Armed Forces.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the E-7 Wedgetail platform is constrained by US ITAR regulations.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the E-7 Wedgetail platform is constrained by US ITAR regulations.
Maintaining UK operational freedom is a core tenet of procurement of these platforms. The Ministry of Defence (MOD) as a Department of State is committed to act as a trusted end-user when procuring, managing, transferring and disposing of US defence technology, including through robust security clearance processes of personnel and physical security measures to protect Export Controlled assets. The MOD ensures that access to Export Controlled Assets and information is denied to any unauthorised third parties.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the E-7 Wedgetail fleet requires the delivery of US cryptographic keys to meet its airworthiness requirements as defined by UK Def Stan 00-970.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the E-7 Wedgetail fleet requires the delivery of US cryptographic keys to meet its airworthiness requirements as defined by UK Def Stan 00-970.
I am withholding details of cryptographic requirements of aircraft fleets as its disclosure would be likely to prejudice the capability, effectiveness or security of the Armed Forces.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the protector programme is constrained by US International Traffic in Arms Regulations regulations.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the protector programme is constrained by US International Traffic in Arms Regulations regulations.
Maintaining UK operational freedom is a core tenet of procurement of these platforms. The Ministry of Defence (MOD) as a Department of State is committed to act as a trusted end-user when procuring, managing, transferring and disposing of US defence technology, including through robust security clearance processes of personnel and physical security measures to protect Export Controlled assets. The MOD ensures that access to Export Controlled Assets and information is denied to any unauthorised third parties.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the protector programme requires the delivery of a US cryptographic key to meet its airworthiness requirements as defined by UK Def Stan 00-970.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether the protector programme requires the delivery of a US cryptographic key to meet its airworthiness requirements as defined by UK Def Stan 00-970.
I am withholding details of cryptographic requirements of aircraft fleets as its disclosure would be likely to prejudice the capability, effectiveness or security of the Armed Forces.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, what assessment he has made of the potential merits of Government cooperation with the US next generation air dominance programme.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, what assessment he has made of the potential merits of Government cooperation with the US next generation air dominance programme.
The UK and US have a long-standing Combat Air relationship, having operated together for decades on many of the world's most pressing security challenges. Interoperability with our allies and partners remains at the heart of our approach and we work to ensure it continues across our current and future combat air fleets.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, how much money was returned to the public purse through the sale of the RAF's Sentinel fleet to the US.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, how much money was returned to the public purse through the sale of the RAF's Sentinel fleet to the US.
I refer the Rt Hon. Member to the answer I gave on 30 November 2021 to Question 79280 to the Rt Hon. Member for Wentworth and Dearne (Mr Healey).
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether, in the process of discussions for buying the (a) P-8 and (b) Apache A-64 US systems, the Government was mandated to purchase associated US-made armaments.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether, in the process of discussions for buying the (a) P-8 and (b) Apache A-64 US systems, the Government was mandated to purchase associated US-made armaments.
No. While the Poseidon (P-8A) and AH-64E Apache will use US made weapons initially, this was not mandated in any procurement agreements.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether any legal framework exists to support interchangeability within maritime operations with the US.
To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, whether any legal framework exists to support interchangeability within maritime operations with the US.
The Royal Navy (RN) and the Ministry of Defence have negotiated multiple frameworks over the past few decades to better ensure greater interoperability between the United Kingdom and the United States of America on Maritime Operations across all Defence Lines of Development.
Common operating procedures have been embedded through bilateral arrangements (such as Treaties, Statement of Intent and Memorandum of Understanding) covering issues such as personnel, tactics, training and procedures, concepts and doctrine, equipment, logistics, information, weapons and infrastructure.
The RN has a long tradition of working closely with NATO, Five Eyes allies, Joint Expeditionary Force partners and other key maritime nations and opportunities for interchangeability are regularly explored to maintain these close working relationships.